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Geologic units in Humboldt county, Nevada

[Additional scientific data in this geographic area]

Tuffaceous sedimentary rocks (Late Eocene to Late Miocene) at surface, covers 2 % of this area
TUFFACEOUS SEDIMENTARY ROCKS-Locally includes minor amounts of tuff
Lithology: sandstone; limestone; siltstone; conglomerate; mudstone; dolostone (dolomite); felsic volcanic rock; intermediate volcanic rock; mafic volcanic rock; tuff
Rhyolite and dacite (Pliocene? and Miocene) (Miocene to Pliocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Ash-flow tuff, lava flows, pumice-lapilli tuff, coarse pumicite, flow breccia, and domal complexes of rhyolitic, rhyodacitic, and dacitic composition; in places includes peralkaline rhyolite and some andesite and andesite breccia. Locally porphyritic with phenocrysts of alkali feldspar, plagioclase, and minor augite, ferro-hedenbergite, hornblende, hypersthene, or biotite. Commonly flow banded; locally glassy. Many of the ash--flow tuffs exhibit flow features and only obscure vitro-clastic textures. In places includes interlayers of silicic volcaniclastic rocks and tuffaceous sedimentary rocks. Includes rhyolite at Owyhee Dam, Jump Creek Rhyolite, and Littlefield Rhyolite, all of Kittleman and others (1965); Dooley Rhyolite Breccia of Gilluly (1937), radiometrically dated at 14.7 +/- 0.4 Ma by potassium-argon methods (Fiebelkorn and others, 1983); resurgent domal masses in McDermitt caldera area; and extensive unnamed flows and ash-flow tuffs in the central and southern part of the Owyhee Upland. Also includes isolated masses of dacitic and rhyodacitic flows, breccia, and ash-flow tuff along eastern slope of Cascade Range that are lapped by flows and sediments of the Madras (or Deschutes) Formation. Potassium-argon ages on rocks in unit from southeast Oregon range from about 13 to 16 Ma; lenses of interbedded tuffaceous sedimentary rocks locally contain a Miocene (Barstovian) vertebrate fauna
Lithology: rhyolite; dacite; andesite
Sedimentary rocks (Late Cretaceous to Oligocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS-Includes Sheep Pass Formation (Eocene) and related units and unnamed tuffaceous sedimentary rocks
Lithology: sandstone; conglomerate; limestone; siltstone; claystone; mudstone; shale; tuff; oil shale
Dune sand (Holocene) (Holocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Large areas of windblown sand composed of rock-forming minerals, mostly feldspar and small amounts of quartz, and, in southeastern Oregon, also pumice
Lithology: sand
Continental sedimentary rocks (Late Cretaceous to Eocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
CONTINENTAL SEDIMENTARY ROCKS-Includes units such as Pansy Lee Conglomerate in Humboldt County, part of Cretaceous(?) and Tertiary rocks of Kleinhampl and Ziony (1967) in northern Nye County, and part of "older clastic rocks" of Tschanz and Pampeyan (1970) in Lincoln County
Lithology: conglomerate; sandstone; siltstone; mudstone; limestone
Alluvial deposits (Holocene) (Holocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Sand, gravel, and silt forming flood plains and filling channels of present streams. In places includes talus and slope wash. Locally includes soils containing abundant organic material, and thin peat beds
Lithology: sand; gravel; silt; peat
Shale, mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, and carbonate rock; sparse volcanic rock (Late Triassic to Early Jurassic) at surface, covers 4 % of this area
SHALE, MUDSTONE, SILTSTONE, SANDSTONE, AND CARBONATE ROCK; SPARSE VOLCANIC ROCK (Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic)-Includes Auld Lang Syne Group, Nightingale sequence of Bonham (1969), and Gabbs and Sunrise Formations
Lithology: claystone; shale; sandstone; siltstone; carbonate; volcanic rock (aphanitic); conglomerate
Harmony Formation (Late Cambrian) at surface, covers 0.8 % of this area
HARMONY FORMATION (Upper Cambrian)-Feldspathic and arkosic sandstone and minor amounts of shale, limestone, and chert.
Lithology: sandstone; shale; limestone; chert; conglomerate
Continental deposits of siltstone, shale, conglomerate, and limestone (Cretaceous) at surface, covers 0.1 % of this area
CONTINENTAL DEPOSITS OF SILTSTONE, SHALE, CONGLOMERATE, AND LIMESTONE-Includes units such as King Lear Formation in Humboldt County, Newark Canyon Formation in Eureka County, Willow Tank Formation and baseline Sandstone in Clark County
Lithology: conglomerate; sandstone; limestone; mudstone; siltstone
Olivine basalt (Pliocene and Miocene) (Miocene to Pliocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Thin, commonly open-textured (diktytaxitic), subophitic to intergranular olivine basalt flows, intercalated with and grades laterally through palagonite breccia and tuff into tuffaceous sedimentary rocks (unit Ts). In places includes flows of platy olivine andesite or basaltic andesite. Several potassium-argon ages ranging from about 4 to 7 Ma indicate unit is mostly of early Pliocene and late Miocene age. Includes Shumuray Ranch Basalt and Antelope Flat Basalt of Kittleman and others (1965), Grassy Mountain Basalt of Corcoran and others (1962), Drinkwater Basalt of Bowen and others (1963), basalt formerly assigned to Danforth Formation by Piper and others (1939) (see Walker, 1979), Hayes Butte Basalt of Hampton (1964), Pliocene and upper Miocene basalt flows capping and interstratified with the Madras (or Deschutes) Formation, and basalt flows interstratified in the Dalles Formation of Newcomb (1966; 1969)
Lithology: basalt; andesite
Granitic rocks (Paleocene to Late Miocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
GRANITIC ROCKS-Mostly quartz monzonite and granodiorite
Lithology: granodiorite; quartz monzonite; granite; monzonite
Basalt flows (Miocene to Quaternary) at surface, covers 1 % of this area
BASALT FLOWS-Locally includes maar deposits
Lithology: basalt; andesite; trachybasalt; latite; andesite
Basalt flows, pyroclastic debris, clastic sediments, and diatomite; Pliocene basaltic volcanics and clastic sediments; Snake River Plain and vicinity (Pliocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Pliocene olivine basalt flows and associated tuff and detritus of southern Idaho.
Lithology: basalt; lava flow; tuff; mixed clastic/volcanic
Landslide deposits (Quaternary) at surface, covers 0.8 % of this area
LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS
Lithology: landslide; colluvium; sedimentary rock
Intrusive rocks of mafic to intermediate composition (Eocene to Miocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
INTRUSIVE ROCKS OF MAFIC TO INTERMEDIATE COMPOSITION
Lithology: diorite; monzodiorite; quartz diorite; quartz monzogabbro; tonalite; gabbro
Rhyolitic flows and shallow intrusive rocks (Early Oligocene to Early Miocene) at surface, covers 1 % of this area
RHYOLITIC FLOWS AND SHALLOW INTRUSIVE ROCKS
Lithology: rhyolite; dacite; trachyte
Andesite and related rocks of intermediate composition (Late Eocene to Middle Eocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
ANDESITE AND RELATED ROCKS OF INTERMEDIATE COMPOSITION-Flows and breccias
Lithology: andesite; latite
Andesite and related rocks of intermediate composition (Early Oligocene to Early Miocene) at surface, covers 1.0 % of this area
ANDESITE AND RELATED ROCKS OF INTERMEDIATE COMPOSITION-Flows and breccias
Lithology: andesite; trachyte; dacite
Welded and nonwelded silicic ash-flow tuffs (Middle Miocene to Late Miocene) at surface, covers 8 % of this area
WELDED AND NONWELDED SILICIC ASH-FLOW TUFFS-Locally includes thin units of air-fall tuff and sedimentary rock
Lithology: rhyolite
Granitic rocks (Cretaceous) at surface, covers 3 % of this area
GRANITIC ROCKS-Mostly quartz monzonite and granodiorite
Lithology: granodiorite; quartz monzonite; granite; peraluminous granite
Siliceous and volcanic rocks (Ordovician to Devonian) at surface, covers 0.8 % of this area
SILICEOUS AND VOLCANIC ROCKS-Chert, shale, quartzite, greenstone, and minor amounts of limestone. Includes units such as Valmy Formation of north-central Nevada and some rocks mapped as Palmetto Formation in northern part of Esmeralda County and adjacent parts of Mineral and Nye Counties. Locally includes rocks of Silurian and Devonian age.
Lithology: chert; quartzite; shale; greenstone; limestone; conglomerate; siltstone; chemical
Andesite and related rocks of intermediate composition (Late Miocene to Middle Miocene) at surface, covers 0.7 % of this area
ANDESITE AND RELATED ROCKS OF INTERMEDIATE COMPOSITION-Flows and breccias
Lithology: andesite; latite; trachyte; dacite
Tuffaceous sedimentary rocks and tuff (Pliocene and Miocene) (Miocene to Pliocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Semiconsolidated to well-consolidated mostly lacustrine tuffaceous sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, concretionary claystone, conglomerate, pumicite, diatomite, air-fall and water-deposited vitric ash, palagonitic tuff and tuff breccia, and fluvial sandstone and conglomerate. Palagonitic tuff and breccia grade laterally into altered and unaltered basalt flows of unit Tob. In places includes layers of fluvial conglomerate and, in parts of the Deschutes-Umatilla Plateau, extensive deposits of fanglomerate composed mostly of Miocene basalt debris and silt. Also includes thin, welded and nonwelded ash-flow tuffs. Vertebrate and plant fossils indicate rocks of unit are mostly of Clarendonian and Hemphillian (late Miocene and Pliocene) age. Potassium-argon ages on interbedded basalt flows and ash-flow tuffs range from about 4 to 10 Ma. Includes the Drewsey Formation of Shotwell and others (1963); sedimentary parts of the Rattlesnake Formation of Brown and Thayer (1966); an interstratified ash-flow tuff has been radiometrically dated by potassium-argon methods at about 6.6 Ma (see Fiebelkorn and others, 1983); Bully Creek Formation of Kittleman and others (1967); Dalles Formation of Newcomb (1966, 1969); Shutler Formation of Hodge (1932), McKay beds of Hogenson (1964) and Newcomb (1966) (see also Shotwell, 1956); Kern Basin Formation of Corcoran and others (1962); Rome beds of Baldwin (1976); parts of the (now obsolete) Danforth Formation of Piper and others (1939), Idaho Group of Malde and Powers (1962), Thousand Creek Beds of Merriam (1910); the Madras (or Deschutes) Formation, the "Simtustus formation" of Smith (1984), and the Yonna Formation (Newcomb, 1958). In areas west of Cascade crest, includes the Sandy River Mudstone and the Troutdale Formation of Trimble (1963) and the lower Pliocene Helvetia Formation of Schlicker and Deacon (1967)
Lithology: sandstone; siltstone; mudstone; conglomerate; pumice; diatomite; tuff; conglomerate
Morainal deposits (Quaternary) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
MORAINAL DEPOSITS
Lithology: glacial drift
Rhyolitic intrusive rocks (Eocene to Miocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
RHYOLITIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS
Lithology: granitoid
Volcanic flows and flow breccias, chiefly of andesitic composition, tuffs, sparse sandstone and graywacke (Permian to Jurassic) at surface, covers 2 % of this area
VOLCANIC FLOWS AND FLOW BRECCIAS, CHIEFLY OF ANDESITIC COMPOSITION, TUFFS, SPARSE SANDSTONE AND GRAYWACKE-Includes Happy Creek Volcanic Series and related rocks in Humboldt County and similar rocks in Washoe and Pershing Counties; includes andesite breccias and volcanogenic sedimentary rocks in Mineral County
Lithology: andesite; basalt; dacite; graywacke; sandstone; shale; chert; limestone; conglomerate
Limestone, minor amounts of dolomite, shale, and sandstone; locally thick conglomerate units (Triassic) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
LIMESTONE, MINOR AMOUNTS OF DOLOMITE, SHALE, AND SANDSTONE; LOCALLY THICK CONGLOMERATE UNITS (Lower, Middle, and Upper Triassic)-Includes Tobin, Dixie Valley, Favret, Augusta Mountain, and Cane Spring Formations and Star Peak Group in central Nevada and Grantsville and Luning Formations in west-central Nevada
Lithology: limestone; dolostone (dolomite); shale; sandstone; conglomerate; siltstone; andesite; chert
Granitic rocks (Jurassic) at surface, covers 0.2 % of this area
GRANITIC ROCKS-Mostly quartz monzonite and granodiorite
Lithology: quartz monzonite; granodiorite; granite; monzonite; quartz diorite; peraluminous granite
Playa deposits (Holocene) (Holocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Clay, silt, sand, and some evaporites
Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; evaporite
Welded and nonwelded silicic ash-flow tuffs (Early Oligocene to Early Miocene) at surface, covers 0.5 % of this area
WELDED AND NONWELDED SILICIC ASH-FLOW TUFFS-Locally includes thin units of air-fall tuff and sedimentary rock
Lithology: rhyolite; dacite; trachyte
Intrusive rocks (Cretaceous and Jurassic) (Jurassic to Cretaceous) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Hornblende and biotite quartz diorite (tonalite), trondhjemite, granodiorite, and small amounts of norite, in batholithic masses and large dikelike bodies. Includes Bald Mountain Tonalite and Anthony Lake Granodiorite of Taubeneck (1957), tonalite and trondhjemite of Wallowa batholith and Cornucopia stock (Taubeneck, 1964; Nolf, 1966), quartz diorite intrusion in the Snake River area (Morrison, 1963), quartz diorite and minor other intrusive rocks in the Caviness quadrangle (Wolff, 1965), quartz diorite northeast of John Day and southeast of Ironside Mountain (Thayer and Brown, 1964), quartz diorite in the Sparta and Durkee quadrangles (Prostka, 1962; 1967), and granodiorite and related rocks of the Pueblo Mountains (Roback and others, 1987). Rubidium-strontium and potassium-argon ages indicate an age range from about 94 to 160 Ma (Taubeneck, 1963; Thayer and Brown, 1964; Armstrong and others, 1976)
Lithology: quartz diorite; trondhjemite; granodiorite
Alluvial deposits (Quaternary) at surface, covers 38 % of this area
ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS-Locally includes beach and sand dune deposits
Lithology: alluvium; mass wasting; dune sand; lake or marine deposit (non-glacial)
Terrace, pediment, and lag gravels (Holocene and Pleistocene) (Pleistocene to Holocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Unconsolidated deposits of gravel, cobbles, and boulders intermixed and locally interlayered with clay, silt, and sand. Mostly on terraces and pediments above present flood plains. Includes older alluvium of Smith and others (1982) in the Klamath Mountains and both high- and low-level terraces along Oregon coast. Includes dissected alluvial fan deposits northeast of Lebanon, and Linn and Leffler Gravels of Allison and Felts (1956)
Lithology: gravel; terrace; clay or mud; silt; sand
Basalt flows (Late Miocene to Middle Miocene) at surface, covers 2 % of this area
BASALT FLOWS
Lithology: basalt
Quartzite and minor amounts of conglomerate, phyllitic siltstone, limestone, and dolomite (Late Proterozoic to Early Cambrian) at surface, covers 0.3 % of this area
QUARTZITE AND MINOR AMOUNTS OF CONGLOMERATE, PHYLLITIC SILTSTONE, LIMESTONE, AND DOLOMITE-Includes Prospect Mountain Quartzite, Osgood Mountain Quartzite, and Gold Hill Formation in northern Nevada, and Stirling Quartzite, Wood Canyon Formation, and Zabriskie Quartzite in southern Nevada.
Lithology: quartzite; siltstone; dolostone (dolomite); limestone; phyllite; shale; conglomerate; sandstone
Siliceous and volcanic rocks (Mississippian) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
SILICEOUS AND VOLCANIC ROCKS-In Humboldt County, consists of altered pillow lavas, coarse volcanic breccias, clastic limestone, and minor amounts of sandstone, shale, siliceous shale, and chert of the Goughs Canyon Formation (Lower and Upper Mississippian). In the East Range, Pershing County, consists of quartzite, conglomerate, slate, limestone, chert, and greenstone of the Inskip Formation (Mississippian?).
Lithology: metavolcanic rock; sandstone; siltstone; limestone; shale; chert; conglomerate; quartzite
Banbury Formation (Middle Miocene to Late Miocene) at surface, covers 3 % of this area
BANBURY FORMATION-Basalt, gravel, and tuffaceous sediments locally. Northeast Humboldt County and northwest Elko County
Lithology: basalt; gravel; sandstone
Basalt and andesite (Miocene) (Miocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Lava flows and breccia of aphyric and plagioclase porphyritic basalt and aphyric andesite; locally includes flow breccia, peperite, some palagonite tuff and breccia, and minor silicic ash-flow tuff and interbeds of tuffaceous sedimentary rocks. In Basin and Range and Owyhee Upland provinces unit grades upward into more silicic, andesitic, and quartz latitic flows and flow breccia, as well as some interbedded tuffs and ash-flow tuffs; also in this region includes aphyric and highly porphyritic, plagioclase-rich basalt. Interfingers with and grades laterally into units Tit and Tts. Commonly contains montmorillonite clays, zeolites, calcite, and secondary silica minerals as alteration products on fractures and in pore spaces. Age, mostly middle Miocene, but includes some rocks of early Miocene age based on vertebrate fossils from related sedimentary units and on potassium-argon ages that range from about 13 Ma to about 19 Ma; most isotopic ages are about 13 to 16 Ma. Includes Steens Basalt (Steens Mountain Basalt of Fuller, 1931) Owyhee Basalt of Corcoran and others (1962) and Kittleman and others (1967), Hunter Creek Basalt and "unnamed igneous complex" of Kittleman and others (1965, 1967), and flows of Prineville chemical type (Uppuluri, 1974; Swanson and others, 1979), which previously were considered part of the Columbia River Basalt Group (Swanson, 1969a)
Lithology: basalt ; andesite; tuff; ignimbrite; mixed clastic/volcanic
Antler Sequence of Silberling and Roberts (1962) (Pennsylvanian to Late Permian ) at surface, covers 0.3 % of this area
ANTLER SEQUENCE OF SILBERLING AND ROBERTS (1962) (Middle Pennsylvanian to Early or Late Permian) (Guadalupian)-Conglomerate, sandy to conglomeratic limestone, limestone, sandstone, and calcareous shale. Thin detrital and carbonate sequence within main part of Antler orogenic belt. Includes units such as Sunflower Formation of Bushnell (1967) in Elko County, Battle Formation, Antler Peak Limestone, and Edna Mountain Formation in Lander and western Eureka Counties, and Wildcat Peak Formation in northern Nye County
Lithology: conglomerate; limestone; sandstone; siltstone; shale
Shale and thin-bedded or laminated limestone; also thinly interbedded limestone and chert (Middle Cambrian to Late Cambrian) at surface, covers 0.4 % of this area
SHALE AND THIN-BEDDED OR LAMINATED LIMESTONE; ALSO THINLY INTERBEDDED LIMESTONE AND CHERT-Includes units such as Preble and Emigrant Formations
Lithology: shale; limestone; chert; siltstone; quartzite; diorite; conglomerate
Older alluvial deposits (Miocene to Quaternary) at surface, covers 1 % of this area
OLDER ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS
Lithology: alluvium; lake or marine deposit (non-glacial)
Havallah sequence of Silberling and Roberts (1962) (Mississippian to Permian) at surface, covers 1 % of this area
HAVALLAH SEQUENCE OF SILBERLING AND ROBERTS (1962)-Chert, argillite, shale, greenstone, and minor amounts of siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate, and limestone. Includes Schoonover Formation of Fagan (1962) and Reservation Hill Formation in Elko County, Farrel Canyon Formation in southwestern Humboldt County, Havallah and Pumpernickel Formations in Pershing, Lander, and parts of Humboldt Counties, and rocks originally considered a part of the Pablo and Excelsior Formations in northern Nye, northern Esmeralda, and southern Mineral Counties. Assignment of some rocks to the Havallah sequence in the East Range, Pershing County, is highly uncertain. Includes rocks ranging in age from Late Mississippian to Early Permian
Lithology: shale; metavolcanic rock; chert; siltstone; sandstone; conglomerate; limestone
Older basalt rocks (Early Oligocene to Early Miocene) at surface, covers 0.2 % of this area
OLDER BASALT ROCKS
Lithology: basalt; andesite
Koipato Group and related rocks (Permian to Early Triassic) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
KOIPATO GROUP AND RELATED ROCKS (Lower Triassic)-Altered andesitic flows, rhyolitic tuffs and flows, and clastic rocks. Includes rocks mapped by Silberling (1959) as Pablo Formation and originally considered to be Permian in the Shoshone Mountains, Nye County. Includes Tallman Fanglomerate (Permian?) in Humboldt County
Lithology: rhyolite; andesite; clastic; basalt
Andesite and basalt flows (Early Miocene to Early Pliocene) at surface, covers 5 % of this area
ANDESITE AND BASALT FLOWS-Mostly in about 17 to about 6 m.y. age range. In Humboldt County, locally includes rocks as old as 21 m.y. May include rocks younger than 6 m.y. in places
Lithology: basalt; andesite; shoshonite
Olivine basalt (Pliocene and Miocene) (Miocene to Pliocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Thin, commonly open-textured (diktytaxitic), subophitic to intergranular olivine basalt flows, intercalated with and grades laterally through palagonite breccia and tuff into tuffaceous sedimentary rocks (unit Ts). In places includes flows of platy olivine andesite or basaltic andesite. Several potassium-argon ages ranging from about 4 to 7 Ma indicate unit is mostly of early Pliocene and late Miocene age. Includes Shumuray Ranch Basalt and Antelope Flat Basalt of Kittleman and others (1965), Grassy Mountain Basalt of Corcoran and others (1962), Drinkwater Basalt of Bowen and others (1963), basalt formerly assigned to Danforth Formation by Piper and others (1939) (see Walker, 1979), Hayes Butte Basalt of Hampton (1964), Pliocene and upper Miocene basalt flows capping and interstratified with the Madras (or Deschutes) Formation, and basalt flows interstratified in the Dalles Formation of Newcomb (1966; 1969)
Lithology: basalt; andesite
Diorite (Jurassic to Cretaceous) at surface, covers 0.3 % of this area
Lithology: diorite; quartz diorite; gabbro; granite; granodiorite; serpentinite
Rhyolitic flows and shallow intrusive rocks (Middle Miocene to Late Miocene) at surface, covers 8 % of this area
RHYOLITIC FLOWS AND SHALLOW INTRUSIVE ROCKS
Lithology: rhyolite; dacite; trachyte
Serpentinite (Late Devonian to Early Triassic) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
SERPENTINITE (Paleozoic)-Mineral, northwestern Nye, and eastern Humboldt counties
Lithology: serpentinite
Shale, chert, and minor amounts of quartzite, greenstone, and limestone (Ordovician) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
SHALE, CHERT, AND MINOR AMOUNTS OF QUARTZITE, GREENSTONE, AND LIMESTONE-Includes units such as Vinini Formation of north-central Nevada, Palmetto Formation in southern and central parts of Esmeralda County, and Comus Formation in Humboldt County. Locally includes rocks of Silurian and Devonian age.
Lithology: chert; shale; limestone; quartzite; andesite; siltstone; sandstone; chemical; greenstone; dolostone (dolomite)
Granitic rocks, western Nevada (Jurassic to Cretaceous) at surface, covers 0.2 % of this area
GRANITIC ROCKS, WESTERN NEVADA (Mesozoic)-Mostly quartz monzonite and granodiorite. Inconclusively dated or not dated radiometrically
Lithology: granodiorite; quartz monzonite; granite; quartz diorite; gabbro
Ash-flow tuffs and tuffaceous sedimentary rocks (Middle Miocene to Late Miocene) at surface, covers 2 % of this area
ASH-FLOW TUFFS AND TUFFACEOUS SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Lithology: ash-flow tuff; rhyolite; sandstone; dacite; trachyte
Playa, marsh, and alluvial-flat deposits, locally eroded (Quaternary) at surface, covers 10 % of this area
PLAYA, MARSH, AND ALLUVIAL-FLAT DEPOSITS, LOCALLY ERODED
Lithology: playa; alluvium
Welded tuffs and tuffaceous sedimentary rocks (upper? and middle Miocene) (Middle to Late Miocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area
Partly to densely welded vitric and vitric-crystal tuff of soda-rhyolitic, rhyolitic, and rhyodacitic composition that interfingers with and grades laterally into unit Tit. Includes some nonwelded ash-flow tuff and tuffaceous sedimentary rocks. Potassium-argon ages range from about 13 to 16 Ma. In Harney and Malheur Counties, it commonly overlies unit Tmb. Includes Dinner Creek Welded Tuff of Haddock (1965; 1967) and middle and upper Miocene ash-flow tuffs of Rytuba and others (1982; 1983a, b), widely exposed in the Trout Creek Mountains and adjacent areas, erupted from the McDermitt caldera complex, west and southwest of McDermitt, Nevada-Oregon, the White Horse caldera, northwest of McDermitt, and several other vent areas
Lithology: rhyolite; dacite; mudstone

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