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Mineral Resources > Online Spatial Data > Geology > by state > South Dakota Geology

Geologic units in Brookings county, South Dakota

Till, Stagnation Moraine (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 15 % of this area

Heterogeneous, clay with silt to boulder-size clasts of glacial orgin. A geomorphic feature that is characterized by hummocky terrain with abundant sloughs resulting from stagnation of ice sheets. Composite thickness of all Upper Wisconsin till may be up to 300 ft (91 m).

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel

Till, Moraine (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 16 % of this area

Heterogeneous, clay with silt to boulder-size clasts of glacial orgin. Exhibits a distinctive weathered, dissected surface.Typically overlain by up to 10 ft (3m) of loess. Thickness up to 150 ft (46 m).

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel

Till, End Moraine (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 11 % of this area

Heterogeneous, clay with silt to boulder-size clasts of glacial orgin. A geomorphic feature that is characterized by elevated linear ridges with hummocky terrain locally at former ice sheet margins. Composite thicknessof all Upper Wisconsin till may be up to 300 ft (91 m).

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel

Outwash, Terrace (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 0.2 % of this area

Heterogeneous clay to gravel of glaciofluvial orgin. Thickness up to 60 ft (18m)

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel

Till, Ground Moraine (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 2 % of this area

Heterogeneous, clay with silt to boulder-size clasts of glacial orgin. A geomorphic feature that is characterized by smooth, rolling terrain. Composite thickness of all Upper Wisconsin till may be up to 300 ft (91 m).

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel

Outwash, Valley Train (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 8 % of this area

Heterogeneous silt to gravel. Confined to valleys of glaciofluvial orgin. Thickness up to 60 ft (18m).

Lithology: silt; sand; gravel

Alluvium (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary) at surface, covers 15 % of this area

Clay to boulder-size clasts with locally abundant organic material. Thickness up to 75 ft (23m).

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel

Outwash, Collapsed (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 3 % of this area

Heterogeneous sand and gravel of glaciofluvial orgin. Deposited as outwash sediments that collapsed due to melting of buried ice. Thickness up to 90 ft (27m).

Lithology: sand; gravel

Outwash, Undifferentiated (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 10 % of this area

Heterogeneous sand and gravel, with minor clay and silt. Deposits of glaciofluvial orgin including outwash plains, kame terraces, and other undifferentiated deposits. Thickness up to 30 ft (9m).

Lithology: sand; gravel; clay or mud; silt

Lacustrine Sediments, Ice-walled (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Upper Wisconsin]) at surface, covers 1.0 % of this area

Glaciolacustrine clay and silt with minor sand and gravel. Forms elevated level terrain. Thickness up to 60 ft (18m).

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel

Till, Ground Moraine (Phanerozoic | Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene [Illinoian(?)]) at surface, covers 19 % of this area

Heterogeneous, clay with silt to boulder-size clasts. Exhibits a distinctive weathered, dissected surface. Contains prominent oxidized joints and fractures with gypsum or calcite. Typically overlain by up to 25 ft (8 m) of loess. Thickness up to 120 ft (37 m).

Lithology: clay or mud; silt; sand; gravel