Berger, Vladimir I. Singer, Donald A. Orris, Greta J. 2009 Open-File Report 2009-1139 Geological Survey (U.S.) Menlo Park, California http://mrdata.usgs.gov/carbonatite/ Data on 60 of the 527 known carbonatites in the world, providing reliable quantitative data on ore tonnages and grades of niobium and REE. Assist in the creation of descriptive and grade-tonnage models for mineral deposits to support a new national mineral resource assessment. The models used for such an assessment must be based on information that is available for undiscovered deposits, including lithology, age, structural features, and geophysical and geochemical anomalies that are visible on regional geologic maps rather than the detailed studies commonly carried out on deposits that are well known. 2011 revision date Complete as needed -123.749167 127.1625 71.053611 -30.884167 none none General glossary for mineral resources spatial data comma-delimited text HTML table KML OGC WMS shapefile tab-delimited text Mineral Resources Data System commodity types Niobium rare earth elements USGS Thesaurus economic geology geospatial analysis geospatial datasets metallic ores metamorphic rocks NGDA Portfolio Themes Geology Dan L Mosier U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

345 Middlefield Road Mail Stop 901

Menlo Park CA 94025 USA 650-329-5050 mosier@usgs.gov http://mrdata.usgs.gov/carbonatite/carbonatite-global.png Reduced-size image of the global distribution of deposits, (180 x 90 pixels) PNG Modified oreton field for record 34 (Ruri, Kenya) to 0.375 Mt in consultation with database author. 20111207 Point Entity point 60 decimal degrees World Geodetic System 1984 WGS 84 6378137 298.257 main General descriptive information about the deposit rec_id Record ID. A distinct numerical identifier for the database record without further scientific significance. Integer values. Int of width 3. 1 60 1 country Country. Name of the country where the deposit occurs. Textual values of no more than 28 characters. cntrycd Country code. Coded abbreviation combining the country and state or province. Textual values of no more than 4 characters. stprov State or Province. State or province, if known, where the deposit occurs. Textual values of no more than 24 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 12 records have no value for stprov. depname Deposit name. The most recent deposit name. Textual values of no more than 16 characters. altname Other names. Alternative names that have been used for the deposit. Textual values of no more than 20 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 38 records have no value for altname. includes Includes. The names of deposits that have been combined with the primary deposit as a result of the two-kilometer minimum separation rule. Textual values of no more than 16 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 58 records have no value for includes. latitude Latitude. Geographic latitude in decimal degrees, datum WGS84. South is negative, north positive. Real numbers stored in double precision. -30.8841666666667 71.0536111111111 latdeg Latitude (degrees). Degrees of latitude. Integer values. Int of width 2. -30 71 1 latmin Latitude (minutes). Minutes of latitude. Integer values. Int of width 2. -59 59 1 latsec Latitude (seconds). Seconds of latitude. Integer values. Int of width 2. (no value) Information not available for this record. 1 records have no value for latsec. -58 58 1 longitude Longitude. Geographic longitude in decimal degrees, datum WGS84. West is negative, east positive. Real numbers stored in double precision. -123.749166666667 127.1625 londeg Longitude (degrees). Degrees of lontitude. Integer values. Int of width 2. -123 127 1 lonmin Longitude (minutes). Minutes of longitude. Integer values. Int of width 2. -56 58 1 lonsec Longitude (seconds). Seconds of longitude. Integer values. Int of width 2. (no value) Information not available for this record. 1 records have no value for lonsec. -59 57 1 discdate Discovery date. Date the deposit was discovered. Textual values of no more than 11 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 27 records have no value for discdate. startdate Startup date. Date mining started. Textual values of no more than 18 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 38 records have no value for startdate. mintype Mineral type. Mineralogical subtype of the deposit, based on the dominant carbonate mineral composition and textural features. Textual values of no more than 41 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 1 records have no value for mintype. oreton Tonnage. Tonnage based on the total production, reserves, and resources at the lowest possible cutoff grade, in millions of metric tons. Real numbers stored in double precision. (no value) Information not available for this record. 5 records have no value for oreton. 0.03 2898 deptype Deposit subtype. Deposit type given in Cox and Singer (1986); all records have the value 10 for this field. Integer values. Int of width 2. 10 10 1 niobium Niobium grade. Niobium oxide grade in percent of oxide in the ore. Real numbers stored in double precision. 0 2.86 ree REE grade. Rare earth element oxide grade in percent of oxide in the ore. Real numbers stored in double precision. 0 6.3 p2o5 P2O5 grade. Phosphorus grade as percent of oxide in the ore. Real numbers stored in double precision. 0 25 grade_src Grades. Reference sources used to determine grade values. Textual values of no more than 181 characters. depage Age of deposit. Quantitative age determinations for the deposit, indicating the method used and material dated, where available. Textual values of no more than 68 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 1 records have no value for depage. agemy Age (m.y.). Radiometric age reported in millions of years before the present based on measurements or midpoints of units from the geologic time scale. Real numbers stored in double precision. 0 2047 tectset Tectonic setting. Type of tectonic unit hosting the deposit. Textual values of no more than 196 characters. rocks Rocks in deposit. Rock types within the deposit and not reported on regional maps. Textual values of no more than 149 characters. rocksmap Rocks on map. Country rocks recorded both in the deposits and on a regional map, along with the geologic age of the rocks. Textual values of no more than 126 characters. ganguemin Gangue minerals. Gangue minerals present in the deposit. Textual values of no more than 279 characters. orebody_fm Orebody form. General form of the carbonatite intrusion or alkali-carbonatite intrusive complex. Textual values of no more than 140 characters. ore_a Orebody A-axis. Long axis of the two-dimensional projection of the ore body onto the surface, in km. Real numbers stored in double precision. (no value) Information not available for this record. 14 records have no value for ore_a. 1 18 ore_area Orebody area. General size of the carbonatite intrusion or intrusive complex. Textual values of no more than 6 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 10 records have no value for ore_area. 0.3 1327 ore_b Orebody B-axis. Short axis of the two-dimensional projection of the ore body onto the surface, in km. Textual values of no more than 5 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 14 records have no value for ore_b. 0.3 5.6 alttype Alteration type. Type of alteration present. Textual values of no more than 59 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 5 records have no value for alttype. altwidth Alteration zone width. Width of the alteration zone, in km. Real numbers stored in double precision. 0 2.5 dep5km Deposits within 5km. Types of other mineral deposits found within 5km, values from Cox and Singer (1986). Textual values of no more than 22 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 37 records have no value for dep5km. dep10km Deposits within 10km. Types of other mineral deposits found between 5km and 10km away, values from Cox and Singer (1986). Textual values of no more than 16 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 56 records have no value for dep10km. comments Comments. Additional descriptive comments about the deposit. Textual values of no more than 1024 characters. (no value) Information not available for this record. 7 records have no value for comments. minerals Mineralogy of the deposit as reported in scientific literature rec_id Record ID. A distinct numerical identifier for the database record without further scientific significance. Integer values. Int of width 3. 1 60 1 value Mineralogy. Name of minerals reported as present in the deposit, without regard for their abundance. Most rock-forming minerals, such as feldspar, calcite, and quartz, are not included. Some variants of rock forming minerals that may be related to mineralization or alteration, such as Ag calcite, are included. Textual values of no more than 32 characters. ref Scientific literature consulted by the authors to characterize the deposit rec_id Record ID. A distinct numerical identifier for the database record without further scientific significance. Integer values. Int of width 3. 1 60 1 value Reference. Papers and web sites that were used to describe the deposit. In a few cases unpublished sources were used. Textual values of no more than 400 characters. USGS Information Services mailing

Box 25286, Denver Federal Center

Denver Colorado 80255-0046 USA 1-888-ASK-USGS 1-303-202-4695 infoservices@usgs.gov This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Shapefile 1.0 Deposit locations with geologic and economic characteristics unzip 44 kilobytes http://mrdata.usgs.gov/carbonatite/carbonatite.zip WMS 1.1.1 Deposit locations with geological and economic characteristics http://mrdata.usgs.gov/services/carbonatite?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS&version=1.1.1 WFS 1.0.0 Deposit locations with geological and economic characteristics http://mrdata.usgs.gov/services/carbonatite?request=GetCapabilities&service=WFS&version=1.0.0 none 20111207 Schweitzer, Peter, N Eastern Mineral Resources Team mailing address

12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Mail Stop 954

Reston VA 20192 USA 703-648-6533 pschweitzer@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998