Magmatic REE

Magmatic REE systems typically occur in continental rifts or along translithospheric structures. REE and other elements in mantle-derived ultrabasic, alkaline, and peralkaline (agpaitic) intrusions are enriched by fractionation and separation of immiscibile carbonatite melts ± saline hydrothermal liquids.
Color on map:

Deposit types

Name Commodities Critical minerals
Peralkaline syenite/ granite/rhyolite /alaskite/pegmatites REE, Y, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Be, U, Th, Cu REE, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Be, U, V, Te, fluorite
Carbonatite REE, P, Y, Nb, Ba, Sr, U, Th, Cu REE, Nb, Sc, U, Sr, Ba, P, Cu, Zr, magnetite, vermiculite, fluorite
Phosphate REE, P REE
Fluorspar Fluorite Fluorite, barite, Ti, Nb, Zr, REE, Sc, U, Be

References


Source: Hofstra, A.H., and Kreiner, D.C., 2020, Systems-Deposits-Commodities-Critical Minerals Table for the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020-1042, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201042.

List of Earth MRI focus areas with mineral system = Magmatic REE

68 focus areas match these criteria.

Focus area Region States Mineral Systems Deposit types Commodities
Darby-Hogatza REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Kokrines-Hodzana REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; lead; molybdenum; silver; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Kuskokwim-White Mountains REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; gold; iron; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Northern Alaska Range REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Porcupine River REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; phosphate; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Southeastern Alaska REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; phosphate; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Western Alaska Range REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Yukon-Tanana REE Alaska Alaska Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Archean gneiss terranes North Central Iowa; Michigan; Minnesota; Nebraska; South Dakota; Wisconsin Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Elk Creek carbonatite North Central Nebraska Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; vermiculite; uranium; yttrium
Elk Creek region North Central Kansas; Nebraska Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; vermiculite; uranium; yttrium
Humboldt Granite North Central Michigan Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Neoarchean Greenstone Belts of Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota North Central Minnesota; North Dakota; South Dakota Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Northeast Iowa intrusive complex (NEIIC) North Central Iowa; Minnesota; Wisconsin Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Wausau Syenite Complex (WSC) North Central Wisconsin Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; yttrium
Wolf River Batholith North Central Wisconsin Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Catoctin Formation metavolcanics in Maryland Northeast Maryland Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Eastern Piedmont Devonian granitoids Northeast Maryland Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Litchfield syenite Northeast Maine Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Adel Mountain Volcanics Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; gold; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Bearpaw Mountains-Eagle Buttes Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite; Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; gold; lead; magnetite; phosphorus; silver; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Castle stock Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Crazy Mountain Volcanics Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; gold; iron; lead; silver; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Grass Range Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Hall Mountain mineral district Northwest Idaho Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Highwood Mountains Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Johnson Ranch-Gold Butte-Froze to Death Butte Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Judith Mountains Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; gold; magnetite; phosphorus; silver; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Lemhi Pass mineral district Northwest Idaho; Montana Magmatic REE Hybrid Th-REE-Fe veins and replacements iron; thorium; yttrium
Little Belt Mountains Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Midnite Northwest Washington Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Missouri Breaks diatremes Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Moccasin Mountains Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Sheep Creek-Mineral Hill Northwest Idaho; Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite; Hybrid Th-REE-Fe veins and replacements copper; iron; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Smoky Butte Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Snowbird-Dry Creek Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite; Fluorspar copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Spokane Mountain Northwest Washington Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Sweet Grass Hills Northwest Montana Magmatic REE Carbonatite; Fluorspar; Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; gold; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Bear Lodge District and Broader Region Rocky Mountains South Dakota; Wyoming Magmatic REE Carbonatite gold; thorium; uranium
Centennial Cone Prospect Rocky Mountains Colorado Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; feldspar; mica; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Central Laramie Range Rocky Mountains Wyoming Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Medicine Bow Mountains Rocky Mountains Colorado; Wyoming Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Powderhorn District Rocky Mountains Colorado Magmatic REE Carbonatite; Fluorspar copper; iron; lead; phosphorus; silver; thorium; vermiculite; uranium; yttrium
Rattlesnake Hills Alkali Intrusive Complex Rocky Mountains Wyoming Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; lead; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Sierra Madre Rocky Mountains Colorado; Wyoming Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Sweetwater Arch Rocky Mountains Wyoming Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Twin Cedars, Big Bertha, South Platte pegmatites Rocky Mountains Colorado Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; feldspar; quartz; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Wet Mountains Rocky Mountains Colorado Magmatic REE Carbonatite; Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; phosphorus; thorium; vermiculite; uranium; yttrium
Granite Mountain syenite South Central Arkansas Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Kansas Lamproite South Central Kansas Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; mica; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Magnet Cove District- Potash Sulphur Springs South Central Arkansas Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Midwest Permian Ultramafic Dike District South Central Illinois; Indiana; Kentucky Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
Rison anomaly South Central Arkansas Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
New Mexico Tertiary alkaline rocks and REE veins Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Gallinas Mountains Mining District Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; gold; iron; lead; silver; thorium; uranium
La Paz Southwest Arizona Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Lemitar Mountains Mining District Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; lead; magnetite; phosphorus; silver; thorium; uranium; vermiculite
McDermitt Caldera Southwest Nevada; Oregon Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Mountain Pass Southwest California; Nevada Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; uranium; vermiculite
New Mexico Cambrian alkaline rocks and REE veins Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; gold; iron; lead; molybdenum; silver; thorium; uranium; yttrium
New Mexico carbonatites Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Carbonatite copper; magnetite; phosphorus; thorium; uranium; vermiculite; yttrium
New Mexico Proterozoic alkaline rocks and pegmatites Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Pajarito Mountain Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; iron; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Round Top Southwest Texas Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Texas Cretaceous intrusions Southwest Texas Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Texas-New Mexico alkaline belt Southwest New Mexico; Texas Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; gold; iron; lead; silver; thorium; uranium
Toiyabe Peaks Southwest Nevada Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium
Wind Mountain (Cornudas Mountains) Southwest New Mexico Magmatic REE Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites copper; thorium; uranium; yttrium