Geologic units in Santa Clara county, California

Quaternary alluvium and marine deposits (Pliocene to Holocene) at surface, covers 30 % of this area

Alluvium, lake, playa, and terrace deposits; unconsolidated and semi-consolidated. Mostly nonmarine, but includes marine deposits near the coast.

Lithology: alluvium; terrace; lake or marine deposit (non-glacial)

Franciscan Complex, unit 1 (Coast Ranges) (Jurassic to Cretaceous) at surface, covers 26 % of this area

Franciscan complex: Cretaceous and Jurassic sandstone with smaller amounts of shale, chert, limestone, and conglomerate. Includes Franciscan melange, except where separated--see KJfm.

Lithology: sandstone; mudstone; chert; limestone; conglomerate; greenstone; serpentinite; gabbro; amphibolite; schist; felsic volcanic rock

Franciscan melange (Jurassic to Cretaceous) at surface, covers 15 % of this area

Melange of fragmented and sheared Franciscan complex rocks.

Lithology: melange

Upper Cretaceous marine rocks, unit 1 (Upper Great Valley Sequence) (Late Cretaceous) at surface, covers 7 % of this area

Upper Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate

Lithology: sandstone; mudstone; conglomerate

Mesozoic volcanic rocks, unit 1 (Coast Ranges) (Jurassic to Cretaceous) at surface, covers 6 % of this area

Undivided Mesozoic volcanic and metavolcanic rocks. Andesite and rhyolite flow rocks, greenstone, volcanic breccia and other pyroclastic rocks; in part strongly metamorphosed. Includes volcanic rocks of Franciscan Complex: basaltic pillow lava, diabase, greenstone, and minor pyroclastic rocks

Lithology: greenstone; basalt; diabase; blueschist; chert; felsic volcanic rock

Miocene marine rocks (Oligocene to Pliocene) at surface, covers 5 % of this area

Sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate and breccia; in part Pliocene and Oligocene.

Lithology: sandstone; mudstone; siltstone; evaporite; conglomerate

Plio-Pleistocene and Pliocene loosely consolidated deposits (Miocene to Pleistocene) at surface, covers 3 % of this area

Pliocene and/or Pleistocene sandstone, shale, and gravel deposits; in part Miocene.

Lithology: sandstone; conglomerate; claystone; shale; siltstone; limestone; evaporite; coal; sedimentary breccia

Cretaceous marine rocks (in part nonmarine), unit 1 (Coast Ranges) (Early to Late Cretaceous) at surface, covers 3 % of this area

Undivided Cretaceous sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; minor nonmarine rocks in Peninsular Ranges

Lithology: mudstone; sandstone; conglomerate

Ultramafic rocks, chiefly Mesozoic, unit 3 (Coast Ranges and Western Klamath Mountains) (Middle to Late Jurassic) at surface, covers 3 % of this area

Ultramafic rocks, mostly serpentine. Minor peridotite, gabbro, and diabase. Chiefly Mesozoic unit 3

Lithology: serpentinite; peridotite

Eocene marine rocks (Paleocene to Oligocene) at surface, covers 0.7 % of this area

Shale, sandstone, conglomerate, and minor limestone; in part Oligocene and Paleocene.

Lithology: mudstone; sandstone; conglomerate; limestone; siltstone; sedimentary breccia

Tertiary volcanic flow rocks, unit 7 (Anderson Reservoir-Coyote) (Tertiary (2.5-3.5 Ma)) at surface, covers 0.5 % of this area

Tertiary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits.

Lithology: trachybasalt

Oligocene marine rocks (Eocene to Miocene) at surface, covers 0.4 % of this area

Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate; in part Miocene and Eocene.

Lithology: sandstone; mudstone; siltstone

Tertiary volcanic flow rocks, unit 1 (Quien Sabe-Burdell Mountain) (Tertiary (9.5-13 Ma)) at surface, covers 0.1 % of this area

Tertiary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits.

Lithology: dacite; andesite; basalt; volcanic breccia (agglomerate)

Quaternary large landslide deposits (Quaternary) at surface, covers 0.1 % of this area

Selected large landslides, such as Blackhawk slide on north side of San Gabriel Mountains; early to late Quaternary.

Lithology: landslide

Pliocene marine rocks (Miocene to Pleistocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area

Sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate; in part Pleistocene and Miocene.

Lithology: sandstone; mudstone; siltstone; claystone; conglomerate

Tertiary volcanic flow rocks, unit 6 (Page Mill-Mindego) (Tertiary (12-15 Ma)) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area

Tertiary volcanic flow rocks; minor pyroclastic deposits.

Lithology: basalt; andesite; dacite

Tertiary intrusive rocks (hypabyssal), unit 2 (Quien Sabe Volcanic Field) (Tertiary) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area

Tertiary intrusive rocks; mostly shallow (hypabyssal) plugs and dikes. Includes some Mesozoic rocks.

Lithology: dacite; andesite; basalt

Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene marine rocks, undivided (Late Cretaceous to Paleocene) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area

Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate

Lithology: sandstone; conglomerate; mudstone; siltstone; limestone