Coastal terrace of Carolinas. Pliocene equivalent to Yorktown. Deeply weathered.
One of the older coastal terrace sequences in the Carolinas. Equivalent to Windsor Fm.
Low coastal formation in Carolinas like Penholoway but younger and lower in altitude.
Unconformable on all underlying units, fluvial sand and gravel at base, grading upwards into fine sands and silts, local peat. May be overrun with recent sediments from forest cutting and agriculture.
Poorly to well sorted sand, clay and carbonates deposited in delta-dominated fluvial- and open-marine environments. Unit is characterized by commercial kaolin bodies in older strata from westernmost South Carolina to central Georgia. Younger strata are cyclic marine deposits which deeper water facies exposed in western Georgia. Carbonate facies are locally mined in western Georgia for agricultural lime.
Another Carolina costalized terrace of early-middle Pleistocene age. Deeply weathered.
Peedee Formation - Black Creek Group, undivided
Predominately metatuff
Similar to Cape May, broad lateral extent underlying terraces in the Carolinas; swamps and ridges on terrace surface were originally barrier islands and back bays. Superimposed on these landforms are swarms of Carolina bays.
Peat and muck deposits along tidal margins of esturaries and back bays. Deposits range from a few feet to 60+ feet deep. Locally include silt and fine sand and clay as levees on tidal channels. At depth peaty material may be accumulated from fresh water plants. Peat at the surface dominated by spartina and other salt tolerant species.
Chenier plain and deltas of Suwannee & Chattahoochie Rivers
Metamorphosed granite and granodiorite
Variably interlayered, containing subordinate layers of amphibolite and sillimanite-mica schist
Poorly sorted clayey sand and gravel deposited in a fluvial environment in South Carolina but becoming more fluvio-marine in Georgia. Unit is characterized by insitu weathered feldspar and an abundance of quartzite gravel and cobbles.
Variably foliated, variably migmatitic, and granitic to quartz dioritic in composition
Moderately to poorly sorted sand and clay deposited in delta-dominated shallow marine environments. Unit is characterized by sands containing locally abundant (F-VC grained) tourmaline and (F-VC grained) muscovite with some monazite and garnet. Clay layers are also common and some lower delta plain deposits form commercial kaolin bodies. Generally very restricted marine in eastern Georgia becoming more open marine to the east and west.
Biotite quartz-plagioclase gneiss with minor interlayers of amphibolite gneiss and mica schist
Biotite-quartz-plagioclase gneiss and interlayers locally containing hornblende, sillimanite, microcline, and muscovite
Sillimanite-rich aluminous schist composed mainly of sillimanite, biotite, muscovite, and minor quartz
Laminated metamudstone; contains Middle Cambrian or younger sponge spicules
Metamorphosed granitoid rocks, undivided
Biotite-quartz-feldspar gneiss
Layered biotite-quartz-feldspar gneiss
Poorly sorted clayey sand and gravel deposited in delta-dominated fluvial- and restricted marine environments. Unit is characterized by an abundance of smoky quartz gravel, feldspar, monazite, and garnet typically concentrated in placer deposits. Generally non-marine from North Carolina to central Georgia but contains shallow-water delta-front deposits in western Georgia.
Extensive cypress swamps occur in low-lying poorly-drained bay deposits. Limit of cypress is southern Delaware; from NJ south to Georgia. Atlantic white cedar is original species. Commonly extensive thick peat and buried wood.
Gneissic biotite granite to granodiorite
Felsic metavolcanic rocks and felsic gneiss interpreted to the metavolcanics
Predominately hornblende-plagioclase gneiss and amphibolite, locally having interlayers of biotite-quartz-feldspar gneiss, undivided
Granite - Bald Rock pluton
Mylonite gneiss
Another Carolina coastal terrace sequence like Penholoway . This is the youngest and lowest. Late Pleistocene
Thin to thick layered sillimanite-mica schist and sillimanite-bearing muscovite-biotite schist
Poorly to well sorted sand and clay deposited in delta-dominated fluvial- and shallow marine environments. Older parts of unit are characterized by an abundance of feldspar and local sillimanite. Unit is generally delta plain and lagoon deposits in South Carolina becoming open marine calcareous sand and clay in western Georgia. In central Georgia, unit contains an abundance of commercial kaolin deposits formed in lower delta plain environments.
Metamorphosed siltstones and sandstones having interbedded felsic to mafic metavolcanic rocks
Newberry granite
Gneissic biotite granite to granodiorite of Starr pluton and nearby satellite plutons
Granite - Liberty Hill pluton
White-mica schist and phyllite, metatuff, quartz-muscovite schist, and minor quartzite
Chauga River Formation and Poor Mountain Formation, undivided
Variably layered biotite-quartz-feldspar gneiss having porphyroclasts and/or porphyroblasts of plagioclase and locally of quartz and potassium feldspar
Migmatitic hornblende-biotite paragneiss having interlayered sillimanite schist and amphibolite
Mylonite gneiss
Metadiorite and minor metagabbro, containing sparse hornblendite and pyroxenite
Battleground Formation, Mafic to intermediate metavolcanic rocks
Amphibolite and amphibolite gneiss
Metagabbro and minor metadiorite
Biotite-quartz-plagioclase gneiss interpreted to be metagraywacke, and interlayered biotite-muscovite schist, garnet-mica schist and amphibolite
Equigranular to inequigranular granite gneiss and augen gneiss, undivided
Granite - Winnsboro pluton
Gneissic biotite granite to granodiorite
Quartz-sericite schist/phyllite and interlayered quartzite, quartz-pebble conglomerate, high-alumina quartzite, and manganiferous schist
Foliated, medium-grained, equigranular to porphyritic biotite granite
Granite gneiss
Metamorphosed quartz diorite to diorite
Granite - Batesburg (gneissic) pluton
Granite
Biotite metatonalite and granodiorite
Holocene beach complex sediments. Sands and gravels of littoral zone, dune system, barrier system.
Peedee Formation
Thin bedded tuffaceous metasiltstone
Metagabbro and minor metadiorite
Mafic to intermediate metavolcanics including layered hornblende gneiss and amphibolite
Porphyritic granite of Lowrys pluton
Little Mountain metatonalite
Aluminous muscovite-biotite schist, locally having subordinate amphibolite layers
Phyllonite and phyllonitic schist
Battleground Formation, Schistose to phyllitic volcaniclastic rocks
Pacolet granite
Foliated, metamorphosed muscovite-biotite granite having accessory garnet and discordantly intruding surrounding rocks
Amphibolite and interlayered gneiss, hornblende gneiss and minor mica schist
Metadiorite
Mylonitic and phyllonitic equivalents of Chauga River Formation and other adjacent rock units
Battleground Formation, Felsic metavolcanic rocks
Granodiorite gneiss and granite gneiss
Medium-grained, foliated to non-foliated, metamorphosed metagranite containing biotite +/- muscovite +/- garnet
Metamorphosed biotite tonalite and lesser amounts of hornblende tonalite, trondhjemite, and granodiorite
Gabbro - Odgen pluton
Biotite metagranite
Biotite granitoid augen gneiss having distinctive microcline augen; monzonite to granodiorite composition
Biotite-quartz-feldspar gneiss having interlayers of amphibolite and metagranite
Metamorphosed sedimentary sequence of interlayered sericite schist and phyllite, sericite quartzite, marble, amphibolite and calc-silicate rock
Equigranular granite of Lowrys pluton
Granite - York pluton
Biotite gneiss having interlayered marble, calc-silicate rock, sillimanite-muscovite schist, and garnet-quartz rock
Santuck granite
Gabbro - Greenwood pluton
Anderson metagabbro
Metamorphosed fine- to medium-grained biotite granite and hypabyssal quartz porphyry, non-foliated except adjacent to Gold Hill and Waxhaw shear zones where it is gneissic to phyllonitic
Metagabbro and minor metadiorite
Granite - Coronaca pluton
Diorite-gabbro - Dutchman's Creek pluton
Granite - Pageland pluton
Granite - Clover pluton
Cedar Shoals gneiss is biotite-quartz-feldspar gneiss interpreted as metagraywacke; interlayered felsic gneiss interpreted as metavolcanic rock.
Gabbro of Concord Plutonic Suite
Metadiorite and minor metagabbro, containing sparse hornblendite and pyroxenite
Possibly similar to nearby Great Falls metagranite
Gabbro - Rock Hill South pluton
Gabbro - Calhoun Falls pluton
Metadiorite and minor metagabbro, containing sparse hornblendite and pyroxenite
Banded granite gneiss consisting of very light gray layers rich in quartz, plagioclase, and microcline alternating with dark gray biotite-rich layers
Metatrondhjemite
Granite - Cherryville pluton
Granite - Clouds Creek pluton
Lincolnton Metadacite
Metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks of Bel Air Belt
Crystal and lithic metatuff of rhyolite to rhyodacite composition
Includes unmetamorphosed, undeformed biotite-hornblende diorite
Granite - Columbia pluton
Gabbro - Mt. Carmel pluton
Upland gravel similar to Columbia group mapped in the uplands of southern Maryland southeast of DC. 10-40 ft thick. Extensive sand and gravel resources.
Conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone
Gabbro - Buffalo pluton
Weakly to strongly foliated, garnet-bearing, metamorphosed monzogranite to granodiorite; ranges from equigranular and medium-grained to inequigranular having coarse microcline megacrysts
Gabbro - Rock Hill North pluton
Granite - Cuffytown Creek pluton
Quartz-sericite phyllite and schist
Tuffaceous metasiltstone
Granite - Cold Point pluton
Well foliated, banded to non-banded biotite granitoid gneiss or gneissic granitoid; cuts Seneca thrust fault
Granite - Catawba-Roddey pluton
Gabbro - McCormick pluton
Granite - Edgefield pluton
Granite - Harbison pluton
Yorktown Formation: fossiliferous clay with varying amounts of fine-grained sand, bluish gray, shell material commonly concentrated in lenses; mainly in area north of Neuse River. Duplin Formation: shelly, medium- to coarse-grained sand, sandy marl, and limestone, bluish gray; mainly in area south of Neuse River.
Clay, gray to black, lignitic; contains thin beds and laminae of fine-grained micaceous sand and thick lenses of cross-bedded sand. Glauconitic, fossiliferous clayey sand lenses in upper part.
Metamorphosed mafic-ultramafic complex consisting mainly of mafic rocks including amphibolite, metagabbro, and greenstone metabasalt
Granite sheets near Joanna
Unnamed granite of Eastern Piedmont
Granite - Johnson pluton (gneissic sheets)
Diorite-gabbro - Clouds Creek pluton
Syenite - Buffalo pluton
Gabbro - Abbeville pluton
Metagraywacke/ Mica Schist
Gabbro - Chester pluton
Undivided sediments
Metamorphosed ultramafic rocks: hornblendite, pyroxenite, serpentinite and talc schist
Holocene dune sand, parabolic.
Sand, sandstone, and mudstone, gray to pale gray with an orange cast, mottled; clay balls and iron-cemented concretions common, beds laterally discontinuous, cross-bedding common.
Syenite - Mount Carmel pluton
Metavolcanic rocks, interlayered felsic to mafic, undivided
Ultramafic rock
Hammett Grove Meta-igneous Suite - metagabbro
Stream alluvium and undifferentiated terrace deposits
Interlayered with amphibolite.
Massive to foliated, granodioritic, migmatitic.
Thin to thick bedded; bedding plane and axial-planar cleavage common; interbedded with metasandstone, metaconglomerate, and metavolcanic rock.
Tallulah Falls Formation, amphibolite
Gabbro - Mecklenburg pluton
Monzonitic to granodioritic; inequigranular.
Aluminous Schist
Equigranular to porphyritic, massive to well foliated; contains biotite and muscovite.
Weakly foliated to massive, contains plagioclase megacrysts and, rarely, larger megacrysts of quartz and feldspar.
Garnet, staurolite, kyanite, or sillimanite occur locally; lenses and layers of quartz schist, micaceous quartzite, calc-silicate rock, biotite gneiss, amphibolite, and phyllite.
Pamlico shoreline complex - marsh and lagoonal facies
Metagabbro, metadiorite, and mafic plutonic-volcanic complexes.
Burkes Mountain complex, amphibolite
Massive to weakly foliated; contains pegmatites, lithium-bearing on east side.
Burkes Mountain complex, ultramafic rock
Gabbro - North York pluton
Poorly foliated; interlayered with biotite augen gneiss.
Interlayered with biotite-garnet gneiss, biotite-muscovite schist, garnet-mica schist, and amphibolite.
Foliated to massive, granitic to quartz dioritic; biotite gneiss and amphibolite common.
Sericite schist, locally with graphite, phyllite with sericite quartzite, banded marble, amphibolite, and minor calc-silicate rock.
Quartz-sericite schist with metavolcanic rock, quartz-pebble metaconglomerate, kyanite-sillimanite quartzite, and garnet-quartz rock.
Sand, clayey sand, and clay, greenish gray to olive black, massive, glauconitic, locally fossiliferous and calcareous. Patches of sandy molluscan-mold limestone in upper part.
Metagabbro, metadiorite, and mafic plutonic-volcanic complexes.
Unconformity; poorly foliated to well-foliated; equigranular to inequigranular, granitic.
Sillimanite Schist
"Fish scale" schist and phyllonite, graphitic; interlayered with feldspathic metasandstone, marble lenses.
Inequigranular, locally abundant potassic feldspar and garnet; interlayered and gradational with calc-silicate rock, sillimanite-mica schist, mica schist, and amphibolite. Contains small masses of granitic rock.
Megacrystic, well foliated; locally contains hornblende. Chapel Hill, Chatham, Farrington, Meadow Flats, Mt. Moriah, Parks Crossroads plutons, and Roxboro and Vance County suites.
Foliated to massive.
Equigranular, massive to well foliated, interlayered, rarely discordant, metamorphosed intrusive to extrusive mafic rock; may include metasedimentary rock.
Pamlico shoreline complex - barrier island facies
Amphibolite/ Biotitic Gneiss/ Quartz Sericite Schist
Sand, clay, gravel, and peat deposited in marine, fluvial, eolian, and lacustrine environments. Quaternary deposits not shown at altitudes greater than approx. 205 feet above mean sea level (Suffolk Scarp, in part).
Megacrystic, well foliated; locally contains hornblende.
Fossiliferous sand with silt and clay, bluish-gray to tan, loosely consolidated. Straddles Pleistocene-Pliocene boundary.