Alluvial deposits (ORQal;0)

State	Oregon
Name	Alluvial deposits
Geologic age	Holocene
Lithologic constituents	Major Unconsolidated > Coarse-detrital > Gravel (Fluvial) Unconsolidated > Coarse-detrital > Sand (Fluvial) Unconsolidated > Fine-detrital > Silt (Fluvial) Minor Unconsolidated > PeatLocally includes soils containing abundant organic material, and thin peat beds
Comments	Includes silt and fine sand deposited on broad benches adjacent to the Snake and Malheur Rivers by the Bonneville Flood (OR143; OR144; OR145; OR146) 14,000 years ago (late Pleistocene). In OR291, includes lacustrine silt, clay, and diatomite.
References	Walker, G.W. and MacLeod, N.S., 1991, Geologic map of Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey, scale 1:500,000. Walker, G.W. and Repenning, C.A., 1966, Geologic map of the west half of the Jordan Valley quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-457, scale 1:250,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i457 Greene, R.C., Walker, G.W., and Corcoran, R.E., 1972, Geologic map of the Burns quadrangle, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-680, scale 1:250,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i680 Walker, G.W. and Repenning, C.A., 1965, Geologic map of Adel quadrangle, Lake, Harney, and Malheur Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-446, scale 1:250,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i446 Ferns, M.L., Evans, J.G., and Cummings, M.L., 1993a, Geologic map of the Mahogany Mountain 30 x 60 minute quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-78, scale 1:100,000. Ferns, M.L., Brooks, H.C., Evans, J.G., and Cummings, M.L., 1993b, Geologic map of the Vale 30 x 60 minute quadrangle, Malheur County Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-77, scale 1:100,000. Brown, C.E. and Thayer, T.P., 1966, Geologic map of the Canyon City quadrangle, northeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-447, scale 1:250,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i447 Prostka, H.J., 1962, Geology of the Sparta quadrangle, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geologic Map Series GMS-1, scale 1:62,500. Swanson, D.A., 1969a, Reconnaissance geologic map of the east half of the Bend quadrangle, Crook, Wheeler, Jefferson, Wasco, , and Deschutes Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-568, scale 1:250,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i568 Brooks, H.C., McIntyre, J.R., and Walker, G.W., 1976, Geology of the Oregon part of the Baker 1o by 2o quadrangle: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geologic Map Series GMS-7, scale 1:250,000. Walker, G.W., 1979, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Oregon part of the Grangeville quadrangle, Baker, Union, Umatilla, and Wallowa Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-1116, scale 1;250,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i1116 Walker, G.W., 1973, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Pendleton quadrangle, Oregon and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneus Geologic Investigations Map I-727, scale 1:250,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i727 Walker, G.W., 1977, Geologic map of Oregon east of the 121st meridian: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-902, scale 1:500,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i902 Wolff, E.N., 1965, The geology of the northern half of the Caviness quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, Ph.D. dissertation, 214 p. Brooks, H.C. and McIntyre, J.R., 1977, Preliminary geologic map of the Bowen Valley quadsrangle, Baker County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, scale 1:24,000. Evans, J.G., Geologic map of the Dooley Mountain quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Geological Quadrangle GQ-1694, scale 1: 24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/gq1694 Ferns, M.L. and Ramp, Len, 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Grassy Mountain quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-57, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources of the Adrian quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-56, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Owyhee Dam quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-55, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Graveyard Point quadrangle, Malheur Count Oregon, and Owyhee County, Idaho: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-54, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., Brooks, H.C., and Ducette, J., 1982, Geology and mineral resources map of the Mt. Ireland quadrangle, Baker and Grant Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series, GMS-22, scale 1:24,000. Brooks, H.C., Ferns, M.L., Wheeler, G.R., and Avery, D.G., 1983, Geology and gold deposits map of the northeast quarter of the Bates quadrangle, Baker and Grant Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-29, scale 1:24,000 Brown, D.E., 1982, Map showing geology and geothermal resources of the Vale East 71/2' quadrangle, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-21, scale 1:24,000. Brooks, H.C., Ferns, M.L., Coward, R.I., Paul, E.K., and Nunlist, M., 1982, Geology and gold deposits map of the Bourne quadrangle, Baker and Grant Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-19, scale 1:24,000. Swisher, C.C., Ach, J.A., and Hart, W.K., 1990, Laser fusion 40Ar/39Ar dating of the type Steens Mountain Basalt, southeastern Oregon, and the age of the Steens aeromagnetic polarity transition [abs.]: EOS, Transactions of American Geophysical Union, v. 17, no. 43, p. 1,296. Ferns, M.L. and Urbanczyk, K.M., 1990, Geology and mineral resources mao of the Mitchell Butte quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-61, scale 1:24,000. Ramp, Len, and Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Double Mountain quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-58, scale 1:24,000. Brooks, H.C., Geology and mineral resources map of the Vines Hill quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-63, scale 1:24,000. MacLeod, N.S., 1990, Geology and mineral resources map of the Sheaville quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon, and Owyhee County, Idaho: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series, GMS-64, scale 1:24,000. MacLeod, N.S., 1990, Geology and mineral resources map of the Mahogany Gap quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Departmernt of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-65, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L. and O'Brien, J.P., 1992, Geology and mineral resources map of the Harper quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-69, scale 1:24,000. Evans, J.G., 1989, Geologic map of the Desolation Butte quadrangle, Grant and Umatilla Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle GQ-1654, scale 1:62,500. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/gq1654 Roback, R.C., Vander Meulen, D.B., King, H.D., Plouff, Donald, Munts, S.R., and Willett, S.L., 1987, Mineral resources of the Pueblo Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Harney County, Oregon, and Humboldt County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1740-B, 30 p. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/b1740B Barrash, Warren, Bond, J.G., Kauffmann, J.D., and Venkatakrishnan, Ramesh, 1980, Geology of the La Grande area, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Special Paper 6, 67 p., 4 maps, scale 1:24,000. Sherrod, D.R. and Johnson, J.A., 1994, Geologic map of the Irish Lake quadrangle, Harney County, south-central Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field studies Map MF-2256, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf2256 Evans, J.G., Geologic map of the Beaverdam Creek quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2299, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf2299 Minor, S.A., Rytuba, J.J., Grubensky, M.J., Vander Meulen, D.B., Goeldner, C.A., and Tegtmeyer, K.J., 1987, Geologic map of the High Steens and Little Blitzen Gorge Wilderness Study Areas, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Surevy Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1876, scale 1:24,000. Evans, J.G., 1993, Geologic map of the Brannan Gulch quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Geological Quadrangle GQ-1744, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/gq1744 Evans, J.G., 1994, unpub. mapping, Hereford quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon. Prostka, H.J., 1968, Geologic map of the Ironside 15' quad, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, scale 1:62,500. Cummings, M.L., 1993, Geologic map of the Sourdough Springs quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Report O-93-11, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Cedar Mountain quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-05, scale 1:24,000. Brooks, H.C., 1993, Preliminary geologic map of the Copeland Reservoir quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral industries Open-File Map O-93-3, scale 1:24,000. Brooks, H.C. and O'Brien, J.P., 1992b, Geology and mineral resources of the Little Valley quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-72, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the McCain Creek quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-10, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Mustang Butte quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-11, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L. and Gilbert, Deborah, 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Rockville quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-12, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L. and Macleod, N.S., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Cow Lakes quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-06, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L.1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Downey Canyon quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-07, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L. and O'Brien, J.P., 1992, Geology and mineral resources map of the Namorf quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-74, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L. and Williams, C.P., 1993, Preliminary geologic map of the Burnt Flat quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-93-2, scale 1:24,000. Minor, S.A., Rytuba, J.J., Goeldner, C.A., and Tegtmeyer, K.J., 1987, Geologic map of the Alvord Hot Spring quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1916, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf1916 Minor, S.A., Vander Meulen, D.B., Rytuba, J.J., and Vercoutere, T.L., 1989, Geologic map of The V quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-351, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr89351 Camp, V.E., Ross, M.E., and Hanson, W.E., 2003, Genesis of flood basalts and Basin and Range volcanic rocks from Steens Mountain to the Malheur River Gorge, Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 1, p. 105-128. Rytuba, J.J., Vander Meulen, D.B., Vercoutere, T.L., and Minor, S.A., 1982b, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Borax Lake quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1126, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr821126 Evans, J.G., unpub. mapping, 1994, Fields quadrangle, Harney County Evans, J.G., unpub. mapping, 1994, Ladycomb Peak quadrangle, Harney County Johnson, J.A., 1994, Geologic map of the Krumbo Reservoir quadrangle, Harney County, southeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2267, scale 1:24,000 https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf2267 Johnson, J.A., 1996, Geologic map of the Page Spring quadrangle, Harney County, southeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-675, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr96675 Johnson, J.A., Hooper, P.R., Hawkesworth, C.J., and Binger, G.B., 1998b, Geologic map of the Stemmler Ridge quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-105, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr98105 Madin, I.P. and Ferns, M.L., 1997, Geologic map of the Malheur Butte quadrangle, Malheur Butte quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-97-02, scale 1:24,000. Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-97-02, scale 1:24,000. Minor, S.A., Rytuba, J.J., and Vercoutere, T.L., 1989, Geologic map of the Windy Point quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 89-212, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr89212 Minor, S.A., Vander Meulen, D.B., Rytuba, J.J., and Vercoutere, T.L., 1989, Geologic map of The V quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-351, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr89351 Rytuba, J.J. and Curtis, D.L., Jr., 1983, Geologic map of the Oregon Canyon 3NW [Oregon Canyon Ranch] quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1473, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf1473 Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., Conrad, W.K., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1982, Geologic map of the Trout Creek Canyon quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-281, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr82281 Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., Miller, R.J., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1983, Geologic map of the Red Mountain quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-0282, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr83282 Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., Miller, R.J., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1983, Geologic map of the Red Lookout Butte quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-0283, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr83283 Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1983, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Whitehorse Ranch quadrangle, Harney and Malheur Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-0284, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr83284 Thayer, T.P., Brown, C.E., and Hay, R.I., 1967, Preliminary geologic map of the Prairie City quadrangle, Grant County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Map, scale 1:62,500. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr67214 Vander Meulen, D.B., Rytuba, J.J., Grubensky, M.J., and Goeldner, C.A., 1987, Geologic map of the Bannock Ridge 7.5' quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1903A, scale 1:24,000. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf1903 Weeden, D.A., 1963, Geology of the Harper area, Malheur County, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 94 p. Whitsun, N.W., 1988, Geochemical stratigraphy of the Dooley Rhyolite Breccia and Tertiary basalts in the Dooley Mountain quadrangle, Oregon: Portland, Oregon, Portland State University, master's thesis, 122 p. Wood, J.D., 1976, The geology of the Castle Rock area, Grant, Harney, and Malheur Counties, Oregon: Portland, Oregon, Portland State University, master's thesis, 89 p. Beeson, J.H., Geology of the southern half of the Huntington quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 77 p. Calkins, J.A., 1954, The geology of the northeastern quarter of the Jamieson quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 72 p. Carlat, J.E., 1954, The geology of the southwestern part of the Jamieson quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 86 p. Reef, J.W., 1983, The Unity Reservoir rhyodacite, tuff-breccia and associated volcanic rocks, Baker County, Oregon: Pullman, Washington State University master's thesis, 128 p. Ferns, M.L., Madin, I.P., and Taubeneck, W.H., 2001, Reconnaissance geologic map of the La Grande 30' x 60' quadrangle, Baker, Grant, Umatilla, and Union Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Reconnaissance Map Series RMS-1, 52 p., scale 1:100,000. Ferns, M.L., McConnell, V.S., and Madin, I.P., in prep., Geology of the Umatilla River Basin, Morrow, Umatilla, and Union Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Report, 66 p., scale 1:100,000. Ferns, M.L., 1999, Geologic map of the Fly Valley quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-113, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L. and Madin, I.P., 1999, Geologic map of the Summerville quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-111, scale 1:24,000. Ferns, M.L., McConnell, V.S., Madin, I.p., and Van Tassell, 2002, Geology of the Imbler quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-114, scale 1:24,000. Weiss, P.L., Gualtieri,, J.L., Cannon, W.F., Tucher, E.T., McMahan, A.B., and Federspiel, F.E., 1976, Mineral resources of the Eagle Cap Wilderness and adjacent areas, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1385-E, 100 p. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/b1385E Ferns, M.L. and Taubeneck, W.H., 1994, Geology and mineral resources of the Limber Jim Creek quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-82, scale 1:24,000.
NGMDB product	NGMDB product page for 16259
Counties	Baker - Benton - Clackamas - Clatsop - Columbia - Coos - Crook - Curry - Deschutes - Douglas - Gilliam - Grant - Harney - Hood River - Jackson - Jefferson - Josephine - Klamath - Lake - Lane - Lincoln - Linn - Malheur - Marion - Morrow - Multnomah - Polk - Tillamook - Umatilla - Union - Wallowa - Wasco - Washington - Wheeler - Yamhill

Walker, G.W. and MacLeod, N.S., 1991, Geologic map of Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey, scale 1:500,000.

Walker, G.W. and Repenning, C.A., 1966, Geologic map of the west half of the Jordan Valley quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-457, scale 1:250,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i457

Greene, R.C., Walker, G.W., and Corcoran, R.E., 1972, Geologic map of the Burns quadrangle, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-680, scale 1:250,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i680

Walker, G.W. and Repenning, C.A., 1965, Geologic map of Adel quadrangle, Lake, Harney, and Malheur Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-446, scale 1:250,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i446

Ferns, M.L., Evans, J.G., and Cummings, M.L., 1993a, Geologic map of the Mahogany Mountain 30 x 60 minute quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-78, scale 1:100,000.

Ferns, M.L., Brooks, H.C., Evans, J.G., and Cummings, M.L., 1993b, Geologic map of the Vale 30 x 60 minute quadrangle, Malheur County Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-77, scale 1:100,000.

Brown, C.E. and Thayer, T.P., 1966, Geologic map of the Canyon City quadrangle, northeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-447, scale 1:250,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i447

Prostka, H.J., 1962, Geology of the Sparta quadrangle, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geologic Map Series GMS-1, scale 1:62,500.

Swanson, D.A., 1969a, Reconnaissance geologic map of the east half of the Bend quadrangle, Crook, Wheeler, Jefferson, Wasco, , and Deschutes Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-568, scale 1:250,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i568

Brooks, H.C., McIntyre, J.R., and Walker, G.W., 1976, Geology of the Oregon part of the Baker 1o by 2o quadrangle: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geologic Map Series GMS-7, scale 1:250,000.

Walker, G.W., 1979, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Oregon part of the Grangeville quadrangle, Baker, Union, Umatilla, and Wallowa Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-1116, scale 1;250,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i1116

Walker, G.W., 1973, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Pendleton quadrangle, Oregon and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneus Geologic Investigations Map I-727, scale 1:250,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i727

Walker, G.W., 1977, Geologic map of Oregon east of the 121st meridian: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-902, scale 1:500,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i902

Wolff, E.N., 1965, The geology of the northern half of the Caviness quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, Ph.D. dissertation, 214 p.

Brooks, H.C. and McIntyre, J.R., 1977, Preliminary geologic map of the Bowen Valley quadsrangle, Baker County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, scale 1:24,000.

Evans, J.G., Geologic map of the Dooley Mountain quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Geological Quadrangle GQ-1694, scale 1: 24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/gq1694

Ferns, M.L. and Ramp, Len, 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Grassy Mountain quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-57, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources of the Adrian quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-56, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Owyhee Dam quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-55, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Graveyard Point quadrangle, Malheur Count Oregon, and Owyhee County, Idaho: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-54, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., Brooks, H.C., and Ducette, J., 1982, Geology and mineral resources map of the Mt. Ireland quadrangle, Baker and Grant Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series, GMS-22, scale 1:24,000.

Brooks, H.C., Ferns, M.L., Wheeler, G.R., and Avery, D.G., 1983, Geology and gold deposits map of the northeast quarter of the Bates quadrangle, Baker and Grant Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-29, scale 1:24,000

Brown, D.E., 1982, Map showing geology and geothermal resources of the Vale East 71/2' quadrangle, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-21, scale 1:24,000.

Brooks, H.C., Ferns, M.L., Coward, R.I., Paul, E.K., and Nunlist, M., 1982, Geology and gold deposits map of the Bourne quadrangle, Baker and Grant Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-19, scale 1:24,000.

Swisher, C.C., Ach, J.A., and Hart, W.K., 1990, Laser fusion 40Ar/39Ar dating of the type Steens Mountain Basalt, southeastern Oregon, and the age of the Steens aeromagnetic polarity transition [abs.]: EOS, Transactions of American Geophysical Union, v. 17, no. 43, p. 1,296.

Ferns, M.L. and Urbanczyk, K.M., 1990, Geology and mineral resources mao of the Mitchell Butte quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-61, scale 1:24,000.

Ramp, Len, and Ferns, M.L., 1989, Geology and mineral resources map of the Double Mountain quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-58, scale 1:24,000.

Brooks, H.C., Geology and mineral resources map of the Vines Hill quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-63, scale 1:24,000.

MacLeod, N.S., 1990, Geology and mineral resources map of the Sheaville quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon, and Owyhee County, Idaho: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series, GMS-64, scale 1:24,000.

MacLeod, N.S., 1990, Geology and mineral resources map of the Mahogany Gap quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Departmernt of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-65, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L. and O'Brien, J.P., 1992, Geology and mineral resources map of the Harper quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-69, scale 1:24,000.

Evans, J.G., 1989, Geologic map of the Desolation Butte quadrangle, Grant and Umatilla Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle GQ-1654, scale 1:62,500.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/gq1654

Roback, R.C., Vander Meulen, D.B., King, H.D., Plouff, Donald, Munts, S.R., and Willett, S.L., 1987, Mineral resources of the Pueblo Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Harney County, Oregon, and Humboldt County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1740-B, 30 p.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/b1740B

Barrash, Warren, Bond, J.G., Kauffmann, J.D., and Venkatakrishnan, Ramesh, 1980, Geology of the La Grande area, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Special Paper 6, 67 p., 4 maps, scale 1:24,000.

Sherrod, D.R. and Johnson, J.A., 1994, Geologic map of the Irish Lake quadrangle, Harney County, south-central Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field studies Map MF-2256, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf2256

Evans, J.G., Geologic map of the Beaverdam Creek quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2299, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf2299

Minor, S.A., Rytuba, J.J., Grubensky, M.J., Vander Meulen, D.B., Goeldner, C.A., and Tegtmeyer, K.J., 1987, Geologic map of the High Steens and Little Blitzen Gorge Wilderness Study Areas, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Surevy Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1876, scale 1:24,000.

Evans, J.G., 1993, Geologic map of the Brannan Gulch quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Geological Quadrangle GQ-1744, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/gq1744

Evans, J.G., 1994, unpub. mapping, Hereford quadrangle, Baker County, Oregon.

Prostka, H.J., 1968, Geologic map of the Ironside 15' quad, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, scale 1:62,500.

Cummings, M.L., 1993, Geologic map of the Sourdough Springs quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Report O-93-11, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Cedar Mountain quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-05, scale 1:24,000.

Brooks, H.C., 1993, Preliminary geologic map of the Copeland Reservoir quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral industries Open-File Map O-93-3, scale 1:24,000.

Brooks, H.C. and O'Brien, J.P., 1992b, Geology and mineral resources of the Little Valley quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-72, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the McCain Creek quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-10, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Mustang Butte quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-11, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L. and Gilbert, Deborah, 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Rockville quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-12, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L. and Macleod, N.S., 1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Cow Lakes quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-06, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L.1992, Preliminary geologic map of the Downey Canyon quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-92-07, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L. and O'Brien, J.P., 1992, Geology and mineral resources map of the Namorf quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-74, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L. and Williams, C.P., 1993, Preliminary geologic map of the Burnt Flat quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-93-2, scale 1:24,000.

Minor, S.A., Rytuba, J.J., Goeldner, C.A., and Tegtmeyer, K.J., 1987, Geologic map of the Alvord Hot Spring quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1916, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf1916

Minor, S.A., Vander Meulen, D.B., Rytuba, J.J., and Vercoutere, T.L., 1989, Geologic map of The V quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-351, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr89351

Camp, V.E., Ross, M.E., and Hanson, W.E., 2003, Genesis of flood basalts and Basin and Range volcanic rocks from Steens Mountain to the Malheur River Gorge, Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 1, p. 105-128.

Rytuba, J.J., Vander Meulen, D.B., Vercoutere, T.L., and Minor, S.A., 1982b, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Borax Lake quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1126, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr821126

Evans, J.G., unpub. mapping, 1994, Fields quadrangle, Harney County

Evans, J.G., unpub. mapping, 1994, Ladycomb Peak quadrangle, Harney County

Johnson, J.A., 1994, Geologic map of the Krumbo Reservoir quadrangle, Harney County, southeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2267, scale 1:24,000

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf2267

Johnson, J.A., 1996, Geologic map of the Page Spring quadrangle, Harney County, southeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-675, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr96675

Johnson, J.A., Hooper, P.R., Hawkesworth, C.J., and Binger, G.B., 1998b, Geologic map of the Stemmler Ridge quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-105, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr98105

Madin, I.P. and Ferns, M.L., 1997, Geologic map of the Malheur Butte quadrangle, Malheur Butte quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-97-02, scale 1:24,000. Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Map O-97-02, scale 1:24,000.

Minor, S.A., Rytuba, J.J., and Vercoutere, T.L., 1989, Geologic map of the Windy Point quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 89-212, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr89212

Minor, S.A., Vander Meulen, D.B., Rytuba, J.J., and Vercoutere, T.L., 1989, Geologic map of The V quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-351, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr89351

Rytuba, J.J. and Curtis, D.L., Jr., 1983, Geologic map of the Oregon Canyon 3NW [Oregon Canyon Ranch] quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1473, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf1473

Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., Conrad, W.K., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1982, Geologic map of the Trout Creek Canyon quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-281, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr82281

Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., Miller, R.J., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1983, Geologic map of the Red Mountain quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-0282, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr83282

Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., Miller, R.J., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1983, Geologic map of the Red Lookout Butte quadrangle, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-0283, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr83283

Rytuba, J.J., Minor, S.A., and Vander Meulen, D.B., 1983, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Whitehorse Ranch quadrangle, Harney and Malheur Counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-0284, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr83284

Thayer, T.P., Brown, C.E., and Hay, R.I., 1967, Preliminary geologic map of the Prairie City quadrangle, Grant County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Map, scale 1:62,500.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr67214

Vander Meulen, D.B., Rytuba, J.J., Grubensky, M.J., and Goeldner, C.A., 1987, Geologic map of the Bannock Ridge 7.5' quadrangle, Malheur County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1903A, scale 1:24,000.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/mf1903

Weeden, D.A., 1963, Geology of the Harper area, Malheur County, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 94 p.

Whitsun, N.W., 1988, Geochemical stratigraphy of the Dooley Rhyolite Breccia and Tertiary basalts in the Dooley Mountain quadrangle, Oregon: Portland, Oregon, Portland State University, master's thesis, 122 p.

Wood, J.D., 1976, The geology of the Castle Rock area, Grant, Harney, and Malheur Counties, Oregon: Portland, Oregon, Portland State University, master's thesis, 89 p.

Beeson, J.H., Geology of the southern half of the Huntington quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 77 p.

Calkins, J.A., 1954, The geology of the northeastern quarter of the Jamieson quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 72 p.

Carlat, J.E., 1954, The geology of the southwestern part of the Jamieson quadrangle, Oregon: Eugene, University of Oregon, master's thesis, 86 p.

Reef, J.W., 1983, The Unity Reservoir rhyodacite, tuff-breccia and associated volcanic rocks, Baker County, Oregon: Pullman, Washington State University master's thesis, 128 p.

Ferns, M.L., Madin, I.P., and Taubeneck, W.H., 2001, Reconnaissance geologic map of the La Grande 30' x 60' quadrangle, Baker, Grant, Umatilla, and Union Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Reconnaissance Map Series RMS-1, 52 p., scale 1:100,000.

Ferns, M.L., McConnell, V.S., and Madin, I.P., in prep., Geology of the Umatilla River Basin, Morrow, Umatilla, and Union Counties, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Open-File Report, 66 p., scale 1:100,000.

Ferns, M.L., 1999, Geologic map of the Fly Valley quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-113, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L. and Madin, I.P., 1999, Geologic map of the Summerville quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-111, scale 1:24,000.

Ferns, M.L., McConnell, V.S., Madin, I.p., and Van Tassell, 2002, Geology of the Imbler quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-114, scale 1:24,000.

Weiss, P.L., Gualtieri,, J.L., Cannon, W.F., Tucher, E.T., McMahan, A.B., and Federspiel, F.E., 1976, Mineral resources of the Eagle Cap Wilderness and adjacent areas, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1385-E, 100 p.

https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/b1385E

Ferns, M.L. and Taubeneck, W.H., 1994, Geology and mineral resources of the Limber Jim Creek quadrangle, Union County, Oregon: Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Geological Map Series GMS-82, scale 1:24,000.