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  3. Global assessment of undiscovred copper resources

Colombia Cretaceous Infierno Chili

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Cretaceous mostly calc-alkaline plutons mainly of granodioritic and tonalitic composition. Large batholiths to the north were excluded because they are too deeply eroded.
Tract ID 005pCu1004
Country Colombia
Commodity Cu
Study area name Andes
Tectonic setting continental margin
Deposit type porphyry copper
Grade-tonnage model General porphyry copper model (Singer and others, 2005)
Geologic age
Geologic feature age Cretaceous
Generalized age Mesozoic
Oldest rocks age 145.5Ma
Youngest rocks age 65.5Ma
Age range 80Ma
Known prospects 1
Mean Cu (t/sq km) 702t/sq km
Map scales used 500K

Results of the assessment

Assessment date 2005
Estimators Carlos Mario Celada, Vladimir I. Berger, Joseph A Briskey, Charles G. Cunningham, Mariano Gajardo M., Carlos Portigliati, Alvaro Puig Godoy, Donald A. Singer, David M. Sutphin, Waldo Vivallo S., and Eduardo O. Zappettini
Assessment depth 1km
Quantitative assessment Yes

Estimated number of deposits

Number of deposits Confidence level
1 90%
2 50%
4 10%
4 5%
4 1%
Mean estimated deposits 2.23 ±1.21 (0.54%)
Probability of mean 0.27
Probability of no copper 0.06

Estimated deposit density

Known
deposits		 Total
deposits		 Area
(sq km)		 Deposit density
per 100,000 sq km
2.23 10,970 20

Mean estimated tonnage

Copper 7,700,000
Molybdenum 190,000
Gold 180
Silver 2,600
Ore 1,500,000,000

Undiscovered copper resource

Confidence level 90% 50% 10% 5%
Tonnage 180,000 3,300,000 19,000,000 28,000,000

Economic analysis

Fraser country Colombia
Fraser type 0.47%
Fraser high 0.53%
Typical cost 0.36%
High cost 0.64%
Infrastructure setting Mixed
Comments on depth <10% cover; may be too deep for deposits; skew shallow
Expected depth distribution
0 - 250m 0.35
250m - 500m 0.25
500m - 1km 0.4
Economically recoverable resources
Copper 4,400,000t
Molybdenum 78,000t
Gold 74t
Silver 1,400t
Probability no econ recoverable 0.58
Econ NPV 1,100x $1M
Exp dollars 68.44x $1M/100,000 sq km
Exp value class High

Bibliographic references

General Cunningham and others (2008)
Economic Robinson and Menzie (2012)
Cunningham, C.G., Zappettini, E.O., Vivallo S., Waldo, Celada, C.M., Quispe, Jorge, Singer, D.A., Briskey, J.A, Sutphin, D.M., Gajardo M., Mariano, Diaz, Alejandro, Portigliati, Carlos, Berger, V.I., Carrasco, Rodrigo, and Schulz, K.J., 2008, Quantitativemineral resource assessment of copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits in the Andes Mountains of South America: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008–1253, 282 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1253/.Robinson, G.R., Jr., and Menzie, W.D., 2012, Economic filters for evaluating porphyry copper deposit resource assessments using grade-tonnage deposit models, with examples from the U.S. Geological Survey global mineral resource assessment (ver 1.2, March 2014): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5090–H, 21 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/h/.

Deposits and prospects associated with this tract

Name Type State Country Development Details
Infierno-Chile prospect Tolima Colombia Occurrence Details