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Rosia Poieni

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Porphyry copper (Cu-Au) deposit in Alba, Romania

Names and other identifiers

GMRAP ID 354
Tract name Apuseni Mountains (150pCu6003)
Site status deposit

Geographic location

Country Romania
State or province Alba
Geographic location 23.17735, 46.309951
Geologic map unit 23.17735, 46.309951
Nearby data
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Geologic information

Deposit type Porphyry copper
Deposit subtype Cu-Au
Age (Ma) 9.2Ma
Age determination method Ar-Ar
Age range 9.42–9.16 Ma
Age reference Marcoux and others (2002)
Minerals adularia, albite, alunite, anhydrite/gypsum, argentite, arsenopyrite, biotite, bornite, chalcopyrite, chlorite, diaspore, enargite/luzonite, epidote, galena, gold, hematite/specularite, illite/smectite, kaolinite/dickite, magnetite, marcasite, molybdenite, polybasite, proustite, pyrite, pyrophyllite, sericite, sphalerite, svanbergite, tetrahedrite, woodhouseite, zeolite, zunyite
Associated rocks breccia, diorite, andesite, claystone, gypsum, marl, sandstone
Tectonic setting postconvergence
Stratigraphic age Miocene

Commodity and development information

Development status Producer
Major commodities Cu, Au
Minor commodities Mo, Se, Ag
Tonnage (Mt) 431Mt
Cu grade (%) 0.55%
Au grade (g/t) 0.25g/t
Contained copper 2,400,000t
Gold-Moly ratio -9999

Reference information

Comments The Rosia Poieni deposit is a porphyry copper system with a high-sulfidation epithermal overprint. The system is about 3 Ma younger than the neighboring Rosia Montana epithermal deposit. Hydrothermal alteration and mineralization of this porphyry Cu-Au-(Mo) deposit are genetically related to the Middle Miocene shallow-level emplacement of a subvolcanic body, the Fundoaia microdiorite. Potassic, phyllic, advanced argillic, and propylitic hydrothermal alteration types are seen at Rosia Poieni. The deposit is overprinted by the nearly barren advanced argillic alteration. Deposit surface disurbance footprint about 11sq. km.
Study area name Europe
References Berbeleac, Iliescu and others (1995); Berbeleac, Popa and others (1995); Berza and others (1998); Bestinescu (1984); Borcos and others (1984); Damman and others (1996); Folea and Berbeleac (1987); Herrington and others (2003); Ianovici and Borcos (1982); Ianovici and others (1977); Kouzmanov and others (2004); Kouzmanov and others (2005); Kouzmanov and others (2007); Marcoux and others (2002); Milu and others (2004); Singer and others (2008)
Site reference Sutphin and others (2013)
Berbeleac, Ion; Iliescu, Dan; Andrei, Justin; Ciuculescu, Ovidiu; and Ciuculescu, Rodica, 1995, Relationships between alterations, porphyry copper-gold and base metal-gold hydrothermal vein mineralizations in Tertiary intrusions, Talagiu area, Zarand Mountains: Romanian Journal of Mineral Deposits, v. 76, p. 31–39.
Berbeleac, Ion, Popa, T., Marian, I., Iliescu, D., and Costea, C., 1995b, Neogene porphyry copper-gold and gold-bearing epithermal deposits in South Apuseni Mountains, Romania, in Congress of the Carpatho-Balkan Geological Association, 15th, Athens, Greece, September 17–20, 1995, Proceedings: Athens, Geological Society of Greece Special Publication 4, p. 665–670.
Berza, Tudor; Constantinescu, Emil; and Vlad, ?erban-Nicolae 1998, Upper Cretaceous magmatic series and associated mineralization in the Carpathian-Balkan orogen: Resource Geology, v. 48, no. 4, p. 291–306. (Also available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-3928.1998.tb00026.x.)
Bestinescu, S., 1984, Porphyry copper systems in the southern Apuseni Mountains—Romania: International Geological Congress, 27th, Moscow, August 4–14, 1984, Abstracts, v. 6, Section 12, p. 49–50.
Borcos, M., Justin, A., and Berbeleac, I., 1984, Neogene porphyry copper ore deposits in the Metalifery Mountains in Transylvania: International Geological Congress, 27th, Moscow, August 4–14, 1984, Abstracts, v. 6, Section 12, p. 207.
Damman, A. H., Kars, S. M., Touret, J. L. R., Rieffe, E. C., Kramer, J. A. L. M., Vis, R. D., and Pintea, I., 1996, PIXE and SEM analyses of fluid inclusions in quartz crystals from the K–alteration zone of the Rosia Poieni porphyry-Cu deposit, Apuseni Mountains, Romania: European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 8, p. 1081–1096.
Folea, I.S., and Berbeleac, I., 1987, Copper-base metallogenesis in Romania, in S. Jankovi?, ed., Mineral deposits of the Tethyan Eurasian metallogenic belt between Alps and the Pamirs (selected examples): Belgrade, UNESCO-IGCP Project no. 169, p. 40–52.
Herrington, R.J., First, D.M., and Kozelj, D., 2003, Copper porphyry deposits in Hungary, Serbia, Macedonia, Romania and Bulgaria, in Kelly, J.G., and others, eds., Europe’s major base metal deposits: Irish Association for Economic Geology (IAEG) Conference, Dublin, May 2000, p. 303–321.
Ianovici, V., and Borcos, M., 1982, Romania, in Dunning, F. W., Mykura, W., and Slater, D., eds., Mineral deposits of Europe, Volume 2—Southeast Europe: London, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, p. 55–142.
Ianovici, V., Vlad, ?., Borco?, M., and Bo?tinescu, S., 1977, Alpine porphyry copper mineralization of West Romania: Mineralium Deposita, v. 12, p. 307–317. (Also available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206169.)Kouzmanov, K., Iva??anu, P., and O'Connor, G., 2005, Porphyry Cu-Au and epithermal Au-Ag deposits in the southern Apuseni Mountains, Romania—Lat. 46°03? N, Long. 22°58? E: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 27, p. 46–47. (Also available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.07.030.)Kouzmanov, K., von Quadt, A., Peytcheva, I., Harris, C.R., and Heinrich, C.A., 2007, Miocene magmatism and ore formation in the South Apuseni Mountains, Romania— New genetic and timing constraints, in Andrew, C.J., and Borg, G., eds., Mineral exploration and research—Digging deeper: Society for Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits (SGA) Biennial Meeting, 9th, Dublin, Ireland, August 20–23, 2007 [Proceedings], v. 2, p. 865–868. (Abstract also available at https://www.e-sga.org/index.php?id=231&tx_commerce_pi1%5BshowUid%5D=1130&tx_commerce_pi1%5BcatUid%5D=39&cHash=ebbc2251ec.)Marcoux, Eric; Grancea, Luminita; Lupulescu, Marian; and Milési, J.P., 2002, Lead isotope signatures of epithermal and porphyry-type ore deposits from Romanian Carpathian mountains: Mineralium Deposita, v. 37, no. 2, p. 173–184. (Also available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-001-0223-x.)Milu Viorica, Milesi, J-P., and Leroy, J.L., 2004, Rosia Poeni copper deposit, Apuseni Mountains, Romania–Advanced argillic overprint of a porphyry system: Mineralium Deposita, v. 39, p. 173–188. (Also available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-003-0390-z.)Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C., 2008, Porphyry copper deposits of the world—Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155, [45] p. and digital data, accessed December 31, 2013, at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1155/.